In this section, you will learn the formula or expansion for (a + b)2.
That is,
(a + b)2 = (a + b)(a + b)
(a + b)2 = a2 + ab + ab + b2
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
In this section, we are going to see, how to prove the expansion of (a + b)2 geometrically.
We can prove the the expansion of (a + b)2 using the area of a square as shown below.
Problem 1 :
Expand :
(x + y)2
Solution :
(x + y)2 is in the form of (a + b)2
Comparing (a + b)2 and (x + y)2, we get
a = x
b = y
Write the formula / expansion for (a + b)2.
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
Substitute x for a and y for b.
(x + y)2 = x2 + 2(x)(y) + y2
(x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2
So, the expansion of (x + y)2 is
x2 + 2xy + y2
Problem 2 :
Expand :
(x + 2)2
Solution :
(x + 2)2 is in the form of (a + b)2
Comparing (a + b)2 and (x + 2)2, we get
a = x
b = 2
Write the formula / expansion for (a + b)2.
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
Substitute x for a and 2 for b.
(x + 2)2 = x2 + 2(x)(2) + 32
(x + 2)2 = x2 + 4x + 9
So, the expansion of (x + 2)2 is
x2 + 4x + 9
Problem 3 :
Expand :
(5x + 3)2
Solution :
(5x + 3)2 is in the form of (a + b)2
Comparing (a + b)2 and (5x + 3)2, we get
a = 5x
b = 3
Write the expansion for (a + b)2.
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
Substitute 5x for a and 3 for b.
(5x + 3)2 = (5x)2 + 2(5x)(3) + 32
(5x + 3)2 = 25x2 + 30x + 9
So, the expansion of (5x + 3)2 is
25x2 + 30x + 9
Problem 4 :
If a + b = 7 and a2 + b2 = 29, then find the value of ab.
Solution :
To get the value of ab, we can use the formula or expansion of (a + b)2.
Write the formula / expansion for (a + b)2.
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
or
(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
Substitute 7 for (a + b) and 29 for (a2 + b2).
72 = 29 + 2ab
49 = 29 + 2ab
Subtract 29 from each side.
20 = 2ab
Divide each side by 2.
10 = ab
So, the value of ab is 10.
Problem 5 :
Find the value of :
(√2 + 1/√2)2
Solution :
(√2 + 1/√2)2 is in the form of (a + b)2
Comparing (a + b)2 and (√2 + (1/√2)2, we get
a = √2
b = 1/√2
Write the expansion for (a + b)2.
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
Substitute √2 for a and 1/√2 for b.
(√2 + 1/√2)2 = (√2)2 + 2(√2)(1/√2) + (1/√2)2
(√2 + 1/√2)2 = 2 + 2 + 1/2
(√2 + 1/√2)2 = 9/2
So, the value of (√2 + 1/√2)2 is
9 / 2
Problem 6 :
Find the value of :
(105)2
Solution :
Instead of multiplying 105 by 105 to get the value of (105)2, we can use the algebraic formula for (a + b)2 and find the value of (105)2 easily.
Write (105)2 in the form of (a + b)2.
(105)2 = (100 + 5)2
Write the expansion for (a + b)2.
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
Substitute 100 for a and 5 for b.
(100 + 5)2 = (100)2 + 2(100)(5) + (5)2
(100 + 5)2 = 10000 + 1000 + 25
(105)2 = 11025
So, the value of (105)2 is
11025
Algebraic identities are equalities which remain true regardless of the values of any variables which appear within it.
To know more identities in Algebra,
In our website, we have provided two calculators for algebra identities.
One is to find the expansion for (a + b)n and other one is to find the expansion for (a - b)n.
Please click the below links to get expansion calculator that you need.
Expansion Calculator for (a + b)n
Expansion Calculator for (a - b)n
If you would like to have problems on algebraic identities, please click the link given below.
Worksheet on Algebraic Identities
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