Symbol

    Name

 Uses

  Plus (or) Addition

Used to add two numbers.

Example :

 2 + 3 = 5

 Minus (or) Subtraction

Used to subtract two numbers.

Example :

 3 - 1 = 2

 Multiplication

Used to multiply two numbers.

Example :

 3 x 2  = 6

 3 * 2 = 6

 Division

Used to divide two numbers.

Example :

 6 ÷ 2  = 3

 6/2 = 3

 Equal sign

Equal sign is used to represent two equal values.

Example :

x = 2.We can use 2 instead of x.

 Not equal sign

Used to represent two values are not equal.

Example :

 a ≠ b. Here the values of a and b are not equal.

 Less than symbol

It is used to represent when one number is smaller than another number.

Example :

 5 < 10 

 Greater than symbol

It is used to represent when one number is greater than another number.

Example :

10 > 5

 Less than or equal

Used to represent the value of variable less than or equal to a number.

Example :

1 < A ≤ 5.

A = {2,3,4,5}

 Greater than or equal

Used to represent the value of a variable is greater than or equal to the given number.

Example :

 A ≥ 2

 A = {2,3,4,........}

 Parentheses

Need to simplify the numbers which is in this parentheses first.

Example :

=  2 + (3 x 2)

=  2 + 6

=  8

 Bracket

Need to simplify the numbers which is in the bracket first.

Example :

= 5 x [2+(3x2)]

=  5 x [2 + 6]

=  5 x 8

= 40

 Square root

One term should be taken out of the radical if we have two same terms which are multiplying inside the radical.

Example :

√ 4 = √ 2 x 2

       = 2

 Cube root

One term should be taken out of the radical if we have three same terms which are multiplying inside the cube root.

Example :

∛8 = ∛ 2 x 2 x 2

     =  2

 Belongs to

A particular term is the element of a particular group.

Example :

A = {1,2,3,4,5}

B = {x, x ∈ A}

 Not belongs to

A particular term is not the element of a particular group.

Example :

A = {1,2,3,4,5}

B = {x, x ∉ A}

 Braces (or) Set Bracket

Used to represent sets.

Example :

A is a set which is containing 5 elements A = {1,2,3,4,5}

 Union

Union of two sets A U B is a set containing all elements of A and B.

Example :

A = {1,2} B = {3,4}

A U B = {1,2,3,4}

 Intersection

Intersection of sets is a set containing the  common elements in both A and B.

Example :

A = {1,2,3} B = {1}

Set difference

The set difference A - B is a set containing the elements of A but not the element of B.

Example :

A={1,2,3,4} B= {3,4,5}

A - B = {1,2}

Symmetric difference

The symmetric difference of two sets A and B is the set union of A - B and B - A 

Example :

A={1,2,3,4} B= {3,4,5}

A - B = {1,2}

B - A = {5}

Complement of a set

The complement of a set A is set containing the elements of universal set.

Example :

U = {1,2,.....6}

A = {1,2,3}

A' = {4,5,6}

 Null set

The set which contains no elements is called null set. To represent the null set we use this symbol

 Subset

represents all the elements of A are also element of B.

Proper subset

A ⊂ B represents all the elements of set A are the elements of set B and set A≠set B  which means B must contain at least one element not is set A.

 Equal sets

 A = B means set A and set B is containing the exactly same elements.

 Equivalent sets

A <-> B means set A and set B is containing the same number of elements.

 Composite function

f o g means we shall obtain the results of mapping of g first and then carry out the mapping f on these second result.

Example :

f(x) = x² g(x) = x + 2

fog = (x + 2) ²

 Tally marks

For the sake of convenience we will record the tally marks in bunches of five, the fifth one crossing the other four diagonally. By counting the tally marks, we get the corresponding frequency.

 Arithmetic mean

The arithmetic mean of a set numbers is equal to their sum divided by the number of numbers in the set.

Standard deviation (sigma)

Standard deviation is the square root of the mean of the squares of the differences of individual scores from the mean.

 Variance(sigma squared)

The mean of the squares of the deviation of the values of the variable is known as variance

 Population mean

The population mean is the real mean of entire population of data.

 Range

Range means all output values of a function. It is calculated by the formula L - S

 Large value

The maximum value in all output.

 Small value

The minimum value in all output.

 Coefficient of variation

Coefficient of variation represents the ratio of μ and mean.

 Point

A point is used to represent a position in space. Theoretically a point that does not has shape or size.

 Line

A set of points that extend infinitely in opposite directions is called line. We use the symbol. The line has many points.

 Line segment

The line segment is a part of the line which is having two end points

 Ray

Ray is nothing but a part of a line with one end point.

 Curved line

The line which is not straight is called the curved line.

 Angle

Angle is formed by two rays with common end points.

 Parallel lines

If two lines are always at the same distance apart and will not meet. These are known as parallel lines.We are using the symbol || to represent parallel line.

 Perpendicular

Lines which are at right angles (90°) to each other.

 Triangle

A shape which is having three sides is called by triangle.

 Right Angle triangle

If one of the angle in a triangle  measures 90° this kind of triangle is called right triangle.

 Not parallel

Two lines which is not having same distance apart is called not parallel lines.

 Degree

A degree is usually denoted by degree.

 Congruent Symbol

Two identical shapes are same in size is known as congruent shapes.

 Similar

Two identical shapes but not same in size is known as similar shapes.

 Natural numbers

The set of all natural numbers. Natural numbers starts with 1.

 Integer

Integer means a whole number (not a fractional part) that can be positive or negative or zero.

 Whole number

Whole numbers means a set of non negative integers.

 Even numbers

Even numbers means numbers which are divisible by 2.

 Odd numbers

Odd number means numbers which are not divisible by 2.

 Rational numbers

Rational number is a number that can be denoted as the ratio of two numbers

 Real numbers

Real number can be a positive or negative number which have decimal places after the point.

 Complex numbers

A numbers which is having two parts and represented in the form of a + ib is known as complex numbers.

 For all

For all means a set of numbers which satisfies the given condition.