How to Find the Missing Term of an Arithmetic Sequence ?
In this section, let us see some example problems of finding the missing term from the given information.
To find the sum of an arithmetic series, we use the formulas give below.
Sn = (n/2) [a + l] (or)
Sn = (n/2) [2a + (n - 1)d]
nth term of arithmetic progression :
an = a + (n - 1)d
Total number of terms :
n = [(l - a)/d] + 1
a = first term, d = common difference, n = number of terms and l = last term.
Question 1 :
Given d = 5 , S9 = 75 find a and a9
Solution :
Sn = (n/2) [2a + (n - 1)d]
By applying the values of n and d, we get
S9 = (9/2) [2a + (9 - 1)5]
75 = (9/2) [2a + 40]
2a + 40 = 150/9
2a = -210/9
a = -35/3
According to the question, we find the 9th term.
9th term :
a9 = a + 8d
a9 = (-35/3) + 8(5)
a9 = (-35/3) + 40
a9 = 85/3
Hence, the values of a and a9 are -35/3 and 85/3 respectively.
Question 2 :
Given a = 2, d = 8, Sn = 90 find n and an
Solution :
Sn = 90
(n/2) [2a + (n - 1)d] = 90
Applying the values of a and d, we get
(n/2) [2(2) + (n - 1)(8)] = 90
(n/2) [4 + 8n - 8] = 90
(n/2) [8n - 4] = 90
n [4n - 2] = 90
Dividing both sides by 2, we get
n[2n - 1] = 45
2n2 - n - 45 = 0
2n2 - 10n + 9n - 45 = 0
2n(n - 5) + 9(n - 5) = 0
(n - 5) (2n + 9) = 0
By solving for n, we will get n = 5 and n = -9/2.
an = a + (n - 1)d
= 2 + (n - 1)(8)
= 2 + 8n - 8
an = 8n - 6
Hence, the values of n and an are 5 and 8n - 6 respectively.
Question 3 :
Given a = 8, an = 62, Sn = 210 find n and d
Solution :
nth term :
an = 62
a + (n - 1) d = 62
By applying the value of a, we get
8 + (n - 1) d = 62
(n - 1)d = 62 - 8
(n - 1)d = 54 ----(1)
Sn = 210
(n/2) [2a + (n - 1)d] = 210
By applying the values of a and (n - 1)d, we get
(n/2)[2(8) + 54] = 210
(n/2)[16 + 54] = 210
(n/2)(70) = 210
35 n = 210
Divide both sides by 35
n = 210/35 = 6
By applying the value of n in (1), we get
(6 - 1) d = 54
5d = 54
d = 54/5
Hence, the values of n and d are 6 and 54/5 respectively.
After having gone through the stuff given above, we hope that the students would have understood, how to find the missing term of an arithmetic sequence.
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