FORMULA FOR A UNION B UNION C

Example 1 :

For any three sets A, B and C if n(A) = 17, n(B) = 17, n(C) = 17, n(AnB) = 7,  n(BnC) = 6 , n(AnC) = 5 and n(AnBnC) = 2, find n(AUBUC).

Solution :

n(AuBuC) ;

= n(A) + n(B) + n(C) - n(AnB) - n(BnC) - n(CnA) + n(AnBnC)

= 17 + 17 + 17 - 7 - 6 - 5 + 2

= 35

Example 2 :

A = {4, 5, 6}, B = {5, 6, 7, 8} and C = {6, 7, 8, 9} find the value of n(AuBuC).

Solution :

n(A) = 3

n(B) = 4

n(C) = 4

AnB = {4, 5, 6} n {5, 6, 7, 8}

= {5, 6}  

n(AnB) = 2

BnC = {5, 6, 7, 8} n {6, 7, 8, 9} =  {6, 7, 8}

n(BnC) = 3

CnA = {6, 7, 8, 9} n {4, 5, 6} = {6}

n(CnA) = 1

AnBnC = {6}

n(AnBnC) = 1

n(AuBuC) ;

= n(A) + n(B) + n(C) - n(AnB) - n(BnC) - n(CnA) + n(AnBnC)

= 3 + 4 + 4 - 2 - 3 - 1 + 1

= 12 - 6

= 6

Example 3 :

A = {a, b, c, d, e}, B = {x, y, z} and C = {a, e, x}  find the value of n(AuBuC).

Solution :

n(A) = 5

n(B) = 3

n(C) = 3

AnB = {a, b, c, d, e} n {x, y, z} = { }

n(AnB) = 0

BnC = {x, y, z} n {a, e, x} = {x}

n(BnC) = 1

CnA = {a, e, x} n {a, b, c, d, e} = {a, e}

n(CnA) = 2

AnBnC = { }

n(AnBnC) = 0

n(AuBuC) ;

= n(A) + n(B) + n(C) - n(AnB) - n(BnC) - n(CnA) + n(AnBnC)

= 5 + 3 + 3 - 0 - 1 - 2 + 0

= 11 - 3

= 8

Example 4 :

In a group of students, 65 play foot ball, 45 play hockey, 42 play cricket, 20 play foot ball and hockey, 25 play foot ball and cricket, 15 play hockey and cricket and 8 play all the three games. Find the total number of students in the group (Assume that each student in the group plays at least one game).

Solution :

Step 1 :

Let F, H and C represent the set of students who play foot ball, hockey and cricket respectively.

Step 2 :

From the given information, we have

n(F) = 65, n(H) = 45, n(C) = 42,

n(FnH) = 20, n(FnC) = 25, n(HnC) = 15

n(FnHnC) = 8

Step 3 :

From the basic stuff, we have

Total number of students in the group is n(FuHuC).

n(FuHuC) is equal to

= n(F) + n(H) + n(C) - n(FnH) - n(FnC) - n(HnC) + n(FnHnC)

n(FuHuC) = 65 + 45 + 42 -20 - 25 - 15 + 8

n(FuHuC) = 100

Hence, the total number of students in the group is 100.

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