A percent is equivalent to the ratio of a part to a whole. To find a percent of a number, you can write a ratio to represent the percent, and find an equivalent ratio that compares the part to the whole.
We can find percentage of a number using the two methods given below.
1. Proportional reasoning
2. Methods
For example, to find 30% of 400, we can use :
Example 1 :
Use proportional reasoning to find 28% of 25.
Solution :
Step 1 :
Write a proportion comparing the percent to the ratio of part to whole.
? / 25 = 28 /100
Notice that 25 is a factor of 100.
Step 2 :
Find the multiplication factor.
Since 25 · 4 = 100, find what number times 4 equals 28.
Step 3 :
Find the numerator.
7 / 25 = 28 /100
(Since 4 x 7 = 28, 28% of 25 = 7)
Hence, 28% of 25 is 7.
Example 2 :
Use multiplication to find 35% of 60.
Solution :
Step 1 :
Write the percent as a fraction.
35% of 60 = (35/100) of 60
Step 2 :
Always the word "of" is translated to "Multiplication" in Math.
Multiply :
35% of 60 = (35/100) x 60
= 2100 / 100
= 21
Hence, 35% of 60 is 21.
Example 3 :
A sports store received a shipment of 400 baseball gloves. 30% were left-handed. How many left-handed gloves were in the shipment ?
Solution :
Step 1 :
Write the percent as a fraction.
30% of 400 = (30/100) of 40
Step 2 :
Always the word "of" is translated to "Multiplication" in Math.
Multiply :
30% of 400 = (30/100) x 400
= 12000 / 100
= 120
Hence, 120 left-handed gloves were in the shipment.
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