IDENTIFY EQUIVALENT RATIOS
About "Identify equivalent ratios"
Identify equivalent ratios :
Whenever the simplified form of two ratios are equal, then we can say that the ratios are equivalent ratios.
For example ,
6 : 4 and 18 : 12 are equivalent ratios, because the simplified form of 6 : 4 is 3 : 2 and the simplified form of 18 : 12 is also 3 : 2.
How to get an equivalent ratio ?
We can get equivalent ratios by multiplying or dividing the numerator and denominator by the same number.
Example 1 :
Fill in the blanks
Solution :
The three given ratios are equal,
In order to get the first missing number, we consider the fact that 21 = 3 × 7. i.e. when we divide 21 by 7 we get 3. This indicates that to get the missing number of second ratio, 14 must also be divided by 7.
When we divide, we have, 14 ÷ 7 = 2
Hence, the second ratio is 2/3
Similarly, to get third ratio we multiply both terms of second ratio by 3.
Hence, the third ratio is 6/9
So, 14/21 = 2/3 = 6/9 = [These are all equivalent ratios.]
Example 2 :
Fill in the blanks
Solution :
(i) In order to get the first missing number, we consider the denominators of first and second fraction.
When we divide 18 by 3, we will get 6, like wise if we divide numerator of first fraction by 3, we will get 5.
Hence the second fraction is 5/6
(ii) Comparing 5/6 = 10/?, if we multiply the numerator 5 by 2 we will get 10
Like wise, if we multiply the denominator 6 by 2, we will get 12.
Hence the third fraction is 10/12
(iii) Comparing 10/12 = ?/30 ,
We cannot say that the number 12 is to be multiplied by which number in order to get 30.
So, let us consider the missing number be "x".
10/12 = x/30
10 x 30 = 12x
x = (10 x 30)/12 = 2.5
(10/12) x (2.5/2.5) = 25/30
Hence the fourth fraction is 25/30.
Example 3 :
Consider the statement: Ratio of breadth and length of a hall is 2 : 5. Complete the following table that shows some possible breadths and lengths of the hall.
|
Breadth of the hall (in meters) |
10 |
? |
40 |
|
Length of the hall (in meters) |
25 |
50 |
? |
Solution :
Let "x" be and "y" be the two unknowns
Breadth and lengths are in the ratio 2 : 5.
If two ratios are equivalent then
Product of means = product of extremes
10 : 25 = x : 50
25 x = 10 (50)
x = 500/25
x = 20
By comparing the first and third column
Product of means = product of extremes
10 : 25 = 40 : x
10 x = 40 (25)
x = 1000/10
x = 100
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